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5 Crucial Medical Tests Women Should Take Every Year
Pathology
Thu Sep 28 2023
Times are changing rapidly. Women are not only managing a household, but they are bringing bread and butter to home. While, carrying the burden of various roles and their responsibilities – daughter, sister, wife, and mother – women a lot of times forget to take care of themselves which at times results in serious medical issues. In certain cases, the disease cannot be prevented. But, for many such cases, the problem could be prevented if the disease was diagnosed at an early stage. Diagnostics play a major role in determining the quality of women's health, both in the short and long term.
Therefore, there is a dire need to raise awareness about the importance of 'early diagnosis' and 'top diagnostic tests women should definitely undertake annually' for a better and healthier future.
Top Diagnostic Tests Women Must Take Regularly
1. Pap Smear
A Pap smear test helps in looking up symptoms of cervical cancer to detect it early. It also probes into pre-cancerous or cancerous cells on the cervix. Women, starting from the age of 21, should have a Pap smear test done every three years. The time period can be increased as you age and opt for a normal Pap smear test consecutively.
Procedure: The procedure entails gently removing the cells from your cervix and examining any possible abnormal growth. The procedure is performed at your doctor's clinic. It can be slightly uncomfortable but doesn't normally cause any long-term pain.
2. Breast Cancer Screening
Breast Cancer screening includes self-breast exams, Mammograms, breast MRIs, and X-rays. It looks for signs of breast cancer to diagnose it at an early stage. It is recommended that every woman goes for annual mammograms after the age of 40. Mammography is the process of using low-energy X-rays to examine the human breast for detection of masses.
Women having a strong family history of breast cancer or prone to breast cancer due to a genetic mutation, ought to get annual mammograms and breast MRI scans done at the age of 30 years.
Procedure: A breast self-examination is a method of looking for lumps or changes in the breast to check signs of breast cancer at home. Using your eyes and hands, try to monitor if you notice that the look and feel of your breasts have changed. Women should start with breast self-examination when they are 25 years of age and opt for an MRI scan if there is something unusual.
3. Lipid Profile Checkup
A lipid profile test measures the level of cholesterol and triglycerides. It helps in assessing your heart disease risk. After women cross their 20s, they should get tested once every 3 years. Women having a higher risk of contracting heart disease, or diabetes can get tested yearly.
Procedure: It consists of a blood test that measures levels of LDL, VLDL, HDL, Total Cholesterol, and Triglycerides. If you are experiencing high cholesterol or triglycerides levels, consult a doctor and consider modifying your diet and exercise regime.
4. Blood Glucose Test
Women aged 45 years onwards must opt for a blood glucose test every 3 years. It is used to check the glucose (sugar) level in your blood. Higher blood sugar levels highlight that the body has failed to make enough insulin. These can be red flags for diabetes or pre-diabetes. Women who have a genetic history of obesity or diabetes should get blood sugar levels checked at an early age, and more frequently.
Procedure: A blood test for fasting glucose level test or HbA1c can be carried out. For a successful fasting blood glucose test, the patient is not supposed to eat or drink anything but mere water for eight hours prior to the test. On the contrary, HbA1c requires an average of your blood sugar over the last three months and doesn’t need fasting.
If you fall on the borderline range, prediabetes, and lifestyle changes can stop you from attracting diabetes. Weight loss, eating a balanced diet, and regular exercise can reduce the chances of type 2 diabetes.
5. TSH (Thyroid-stimulating hormone) And T4 Test
The thyroid gland is located in the neck. It develops hormones that help in balancing metabolism. Women are more prone to an overactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism) or underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism).
Procedure: The TSH and T4 tests are described as blood tests used to measure hormone levels to ensure your thyroid gland is working appropriately. Women over 60 should frequently get tested for TSH and T4 levels. Early diagnosis can detect a sign of fatigue, muscle weakness, weight gain/loss, etc., if any.
The test result could indicate normal, hypothyroidism (insufficient thyroid hormones), or hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid).
Synthetic thyroid hormone is consumed orally on a daily basis to treat Hypothyroidism. Hyperthyroidism is treated with the help of anti-thyroid medicine, radioactive iodine, or surgery.
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1. Use of Advanced Technology
Modern diagnostic tools and automated systems are purchased by pathology labs in order to improve test accuracy. For example, automated analysers ensure faster, more accurate findings with less human error when utilised for tasks like chemical analysis and blood cell counting. Technology breakthroughs like mass spectrometry to find biomarkers or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for genetic testing enable labs to provide extremely specific tests that can diagnose illnesses in their earliest stages. By using these technologies, the lab can produce more precise and dependable data for improved treatment results.
2. Quality Control and Assurance
Maintaining the accuracy of results in pathology labs requires regular quality control (QC) activities. These protocols involve recalibration, regular inspections of laboratory equipment, and the use of control samples to ensure test accuracy. Additionally, lab staff members receive continual training to stay up to date on the latest methods and best practices. Furthermore, proficiency testing helps guarantee that testing procedures adhere to necessary standards by sending unknown samples to labs for testing and result comparison. This dedication to quality control is essential for preventing mistakes that can affect a patient's diagnosis and course of therapy.
3. Accurate Sample Handling
To guarantee reliable pathology results, sample processing must be done correctly. A sample's integrity may be jeopardised by improper sample collection, storage, or transportation, which could produce inaccurate results. When collecting samples, pathology labs adhere to strict protocols, which include utilising the appropriate containers and keeping the samples at the proper temperature. Samples should be clearly labelled with test information and patient identification to assist avoid contamination or confusion. Each sample is handled carefully by lab staff, who are trained to make sure it arrives at the lab in the best possible condition for analysis.
4. Collaboration with Healthcare Providers
Accurate results and wise treatment choices depend on pathology labs and healthcare professionals communicating effectively. To ensure that the right tests are conducted, pathologists frequently confer with physicians to elucidate the specifics of a patient's symptoms or medical history. Pathologists may get in touch with medical professionals to talk about more testing or different diagnostic strategies if the test results are ambiguous or need more research. This teamwork guarantees that the test results result in precise diagnoses and successful treatment strategies.
Conclusion
Effective healthcare depends critically on the pathology labs' test results being accurate. Pathology labs guarantee the accuracy and dependability of test results by following established procedures, utilising cutting-edge technology, implementing stringent quality control procedures, handling samples precisely, and working in tandem with medical professionals. In the end, these initiatives improve patient outcomes and advance healthcare by assisting physicians in making precise diagnoses and creating individualised treatment programs.
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How to Choose Affordable and Reliable Pathology Labs Near Pune
When you're searching for a decent pathology lab in and around Pune, it can be a bit tricky. Be that as it may, you can definitely relax! Picking the right lab is easier than you think. You simply have to know what to search for. We should discuss how you can find a lab that is both trustworthy and affordable.
Why a Decent Lab Matters
Suppose you're feeling unwell, and your doctor asks for tests to find out for what valid reason. The medical reports from the lab let your doctor know what's up. Thus, if the lab isn't great, the results probably won't be right. That is the reason picking a reliable e lab is so significant. The test results should be flawless.
Check their Reputation
To begin with, make an inquiry or two. Your companions, family, or even your primary care physician could know a decent lab close by. A lab with a solid standing is much of the time a protected decision. Numerous labs presently have audits on the web. Perusing these can let you know others' thought process. Assuming that most surveys are great, that is a green banner!
Search for Certificate
A top-notch lab is a reliable lab. Licenses and certifications mean the lab observes severe guidelines to guarantee precise outcomes. When you visit or call the lab, inquire as to whether they're registered. If they gladly say "Yes," it's a sign they care about quality.
Get some information about Costs
Excellent labs don't need to be costly. Call a couple of labs and request the costs of standard medical tests. Comparing expenses can assist you with tracking down a reasonable choice. A few labs likewise offer discounts or packages for different tests. If you're on a tight spending plan, these arrangements can be exceptionally useful.
Inquiring about the Staff and Gear
A lab is just on par with individuals and devices inside it. Cordial and thoroughly prepared staff have a major effect. Present day gear is likewise key for speedy and exact outcomes. If you visit the lab, notice assuming that it looks spotless and coordinated. These seemingly insignificant details can inform you a ton regarding their quality.
The Location Factor
Nobody likes traveling excessively far, particularly if you're not feeling great. Pick a lab near your home or office. A few labs have doorstep collection services, where they come to your home. This can save you time, money, and energy.
Speedy and Simple Reports
Waiting for reports can be upsetting. A decent lab gives reports quickly without committing errors. Numerous labs presently offer reports on the web. You can download them from your mobile phone or PC. This is really convenient!
Take as much time as necessary
Picking the right pathology lab near Pune is critical to monitor your health. Try not to rush the choice. By following these tips, you can find a lab that is dependable, reasonable, and ideal for your requirements. You can select Manipal TruTest to know more information concerning pathology tests.
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Murine Typhus: Symptoms, Treatment, and Prevention Tips
A rare case of murine typhus has recently been identified in Kerala, drawing attention to this uncommon bacterial infection transmitted by fleas. Although rare, murine typhus can cause a range of symptoms that are often mistaken for other, more common infections, making it challenging to diagnose and treat quickly. Here’s an overview of murine typhus, its symptoms, diagnostic methods, and prevention tips.
What is Murine Typhus?
Murine typhus, also known as endemic typhus, is a bacterial disease caused by Rickettsia typhi, primarily spread through the bite of infected fleas. While cases are uncommon, people living in areas with warm climates or where contact with rodents and flea-infested animals is frequent have a slightly higher risk. Fleas carrying Rickettsia typhi can transmit the bacteria to humans, resulting in a range of uncomfortable and potentially severe symptoms if left untreated.
Key Symptoms to Watch For
Symptoms of murine typhus often begin gradually, typically around 7-14 days after exposure. The early signs are flu-like, making it easy to confuse with common viral infections. Key symptoms may include:
- High Fever: Sudden onset of fever, often with chills.
- Headache: A persistent, throbbing headache that can last for days.
- Body and Muscle Aches: Widespread pain and soreness in the muscles and joints.
- Rash: Small, red spots may develop, beginning on the trunk and spreading to limbs.
- Gastrointestinal Issues: Nausea, vomiting, and sometimes abdominal pain.
In more severe cases, if not treated promptly, murine typhus can lead to complications such as pneumonia, liver or kidney damage, or central nervous system involvement.
Diagnosing Murine Typhus
Diagnosing murine typhus can be difficult since symptoms overlap with several other illnesses, including viral infections like dengue and flu. Here are some recommended diagnostic tests to confirm a murine typhus infection:
- Blood Tests: A complete blood count can help detect abnormalities in white blood cells and platelets, which may suggest infection.
- Serology Testing: Testing for antibodies specific to Rickettsia typhi can confirm a recent or active infection. However, antibodies may take some time to appear in the blood.
- Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR): PCR tests on blood samples can detect the DNA of Rickettsia typhi, making it one of the most reliable methods for early detection.
- Immunohistochemical Staining: This test, typically done on tissue samples, can identify bacterial presence in the body.
Treatment and Recovery
Once diagnosed, murine typhus is typically treated with antibiotics, most commonly doxycycline. Early treatment is important to reduce the duration and severity of symptoms. Those who receive prompt treatment usually recover within a few weeks, though lingering symptoms like fatigue may persist for some time.
Prevention Tips
Preventing murine typhus mainly involves minimizing exposure to fleas and animals that might carry them. Here are some practical prevention steps:
- Limit Exposure to Rodents: Maintain a clean environment to discourage rodent infestations.
- Use Flea Control Products: Pet owners should use flea control treatments on animals to reduce the risk of fleas entering the home.
- Wear Protective Clothing: When spending time outdoors or in areas with rodents, wear long sleeves and pants to minimize exposure.
- Keep Living Spaces Clean: Regularly clean and vacuum to prevent flea infestation indoors.
