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Air Pollution Increases Risk of Type-2 Diabetes
Diabetes
Fri Nov 10 2023
Air Pollution may be hazardous for your health in ways you cannot imagine. Yes, for instance, have you ever heard that Air Pollution could be the cause of Type-2 Diabetes? Well, I guess not many would’ve heard or expected this news. Stop making assumptions and quit self-diagnosing because both can be detrimental to your body. That’s the reason this article was crafted to help you get the nitty-gritty of this burning topic.
“Do not underestimate the power of Air Pollution!”
Study has shown a plethora of negative influences on human health and one of the emerging areas of concern is an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. While the link between air pollution and type 2 diabetes is still being studied, accumulating evidence suggests that long-term exposure to polluted air can contribute to the development of this chronic metabolic disorder.
When individuals breathe in air polluted with PM2.5, these tiny particles can enter the bloodstream and exert harmful effects on the body. One way in which they can contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes is through systemic inflammation. PM2.5 particles can induce inflammation within the body, leading to insulin resistance and impaired glucose metabolism, both of which are key features of type 2 diabetes.
Factors leading to Diabetes-2
Air pollution can also disrupt the normal functioning of the respiratory system, leading to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress occurs when there is an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the body's antioxidant defences. This oxidative stress can trigger inflammation, impair insulin signalling pathways, and promote metabolic dysfunction, all of which contribute to the onset of type 2 diabetes.
Furthermore, air pollution has been linked to increased levels of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the environment. EDCs are substances that can interfere with hormonal regulation in the body, including insulin and glucose metabolism. Exposure to these chemicals through polluted air can disrupt glucose homeostasis, promoting insulin resistance and favouring the development of type 2 diabetes.
Puts on Extra Kilos
Additionally, studies have suggested that air pollution may also contribute to obesity, a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes. Polluted air has been associated with decreased physical activity, as individuals may avoid outdoor activities to minimize exposure. Sedentary behaviour combined with the adverse metabolic effects of air pollution can lead to weight gain and increased susceptibility to developing type 2 diabetes.
In addition to PM2.5, other air pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3) have also been associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Nitrogen dioxide is primarily emitted from vehicle exhaust and industrial processes, while ozone is formed when pollutants react with sunlight. These pollutants have been shown to have detrimental effects on insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism.
Furthermore, long-term exposure to air pollution has been linked to the development of other risk factors for type 2 diabetes, including hypertension and cardiovascular disease. These conditions often coexist with type 2 diabetes and can exacerbate its complications. The shared pathophysiological mechanisms between air pollution and these diseases, such as inflammation and oxidative stress, likely contribute to their interrelation.
It is important to note that vulnerable populations, such as the elderly, children, and individuals with preexisting health conditions, may be more susceptible to the detrimental effects of air pollution on glucose metabolism. Additionally, individuals living in densely populated urban areas with high levels of pollution are at greater risk due to chronic exposure.
Individuals can also take steps to protect themselves from the harmful effects of air pollution. Avoiding exposure to polluted areas during peak times, using air purifiers indoors, and engaging in indoor exercise or using well-ventilated exercise areas can help minimize exposure. The promotion of a healthy and active lifestyle, including regular exercise, a balanced diet, and proper weight management, can also be beneficial in reducing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Diabetes test is crucial for early detection and effective management of the disease.
Manipal TRUtest offers a wide range of diagnostic services with assured quality, accuracy, and trust backed by 70 years of Manipal legacy. You can easily schedule a blood test through our WhatsApp Chatbot, Mobile App, or Website. We also provide the convenience of a Home Sample Collection, where a highly qualified phlebotomist will visit you in the comfort of your own home.
Also Read: How to Keep Diabetes in Check!
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Diabetes
Keep Track of Your Diabetes with an HbA1C Test
Doctors advise some patients to have an HbA1C test. What is it? Why do you require this test? HbA1C is the average sugar level in the blood during the last couple of months. The ideal HbA1C level in diabetic patients is 48mmol/mol or below. This test is required to monitor your diabetes condition. Those facing a risk of contracting type-2 diabetes should have below 42mmol/mol HbA1C.
What does it mean?
It is called glycated hemoglobin. It develops in the body as sugar (glucose) sticks to the RBC. The human body cannot use the glucose properly. Hence, it keeps sticking to the blood cells, increasing in volume over time. RBC remains active for approximately two to three months. Therefore, reading should be taken quarterly.
Know the readings
A high HbA1c reading means excess glucose development in the blood. You run the risk of developing diabetes in such conditions. Such development could affect your feet and eyes. The doctor evaluates the current level and diagnoses appropriate treatment to reduce further complications. Hence, you are required to check your HbA1C levels regularly. It should be in your annual review regimen. Perform it every 3-6 months. Do not skip the test.
What does the test do?
This comprehensive test measures the glucose level in your hemoglobin. It indicates diabetes progression and how well it is managed. You may buy a kit to measure your average blood sugar level. However, getting it tested at a reputed diagnostic lab makes a difference. They know the process and provide accurate results quickly. Based on the results, you can receive prompt treatment.
What could affect test accuracy?
Diverse medical conditions could affect test accuracy. Some issues include thalassemia and hemolytic anemia. They could affect RBC. If your health condition affects RBC, inform your doctor about it. They will prescribe alternative tests to derive accurate treatment. Usually, this test is required every 3-6 months. However, those planning to have a baby will require more frequent testing.
Test results
A well-established diagnostic lab provides the test results on the scheduled date. Your doctor evaluates the test report and identifies if your current treatment requires changes. The test is important as it helps manage your glucose levels better. Besides this, it specifies a number. You may jot down the numbers and track progress made.
Can HbA1C change?
Yes, it could change for various reasons. You may be sick or taking steroids or other medicines. Lifestyle changes or feeling depressed or stressed could change HbA1C. Talk to your doctor and learn about the target level to achieve. Although not an easy task, perform everything required to stay within the target range limit. Even a slight increase could mean developing life-threatening risks.
How to reduce HbA1C levels?
You should be worried if your levels have exceeded the set target. It can lead to serious complications. Know your numbers and take frequent tests. Consult your doctor to know your target and assess present levels and medications. Change the treatment process or increase the dosage to reduce levels. Be more active and follow proper advice. Consume healthy, balanced food and quit smoking.
Diabetes
Is Type-2 Diabetes reversible?
What is Type-2 Diabetes?
Type 2 diabetes is considered a chronic condition, but it is possible to manage and even reverse it in some cases. Reversal or remission refers to achieving normal blood sugar levels without the need for diabetes medication. However, it's important to note that individual results may vary, and it depends on several factors such as diet, lifestyle, genetics, and overall health.
The primary approach to managing and potentially reversing type 2 diabetes involves making significant changes to one's lifestyle. This includes adopting a healthy eating plan, increasing physical activity levels, losing weight if overweight or obese, and managing stress effectively. These lifestyle changes can help improve insulin sensitivity, which is a key factor in regulating blood sugar levels. Blood sugar control should be implemented early on. Getting frequent Blood Sugar Monitoring can help in keeping tabs on your sugar levels.
Managing Type 2 Diabetes
A healthy eating plan for diabetes management usually involves consuming a balanced diet rich in whole grains, lean proteins, healthy fats, and plenty of fruits and vegetables. Reducing the intake of refined carbohydrates, sugary foods and beverages, and unhealthy fats can be beneficial. Regular physical activity, such as aerobic exercises and strength training, can also help improve insulin sensitivity and aid in blood sugar control.
Weight Loss And Diabetes
Weight loss, if necessary, has been shown to positively impact blood sugar levels. Losing excess body weight, especially abdominal fat, can greatly improve insulin sensitivity. This can be achieved through a combination of a healthy diet and increased physical activity, aiming for gradual and sustainable weight loss. Doctors suggest healthy eating for diabetes to maintain the balance.
It's important to mention that while some individuals may successfully reverse their type 2 diabetes, others may still require ongoing medical management. Lifestyle changes should always be implemented in consultation with healthcare professionals, including doctors and dietitians, who can provide personalized guidance and monitor progress.
In summary, while type 2 diabetes is generally considered a chronic condition, making significant lifestyle changes can lead to improvement and, in some cases, even reversal of the disease. It's crucial to work closely with healthcare professionals to develop an individualized plan of action for managing and potentially reversing type 2 diabetes.
In addition to lifestyle changes, medications may also be prescribed to manage type 2 diabetes. These medications can help control blood sugar levels and improve insulin sensitivity. However, it's important to note that medication alone is not typically sufficient to reverse the disease. Lifestyle modifications remain a critical component of any comprehensive diabetes management plan.
Diabetes Diagnosis and Reversal
Getting a Fasting Blood Sugar Test when you spot early signs is imperative, is crucial to understand the effectiveness of the chosen treatment approach. Healthcare professionals may recommend regular blood tests and other medical assessments to track progress and make necessary adjustments to the treatment plan.
It's worth mentioning that individual responses to lifestyle changes and treatment options can vary. Some people may achieve significant improvements in their diabetes management, while others may experience more modest results. Factors like the duration of diabetes, overall health, and individual metabolism can influence the outcomes.
Reversal of type 2 diabetes is considered to occur when blood sugar levels remain within a normal range without the need for medication. However, even if reversal is not achieved, effectively managing and controlling blood sugar levels can significantly reduce the risk of complications associated with diabetes, such as heart disease, kidney problems, and nerve damage.
It's important to approach the management of type 2 diabetes with a long-term perspective. Sustaining lifestyle changes and adhering to a healthy routine are essential for ongoing blood sugar control. Regular monitoring and follow-ups with healthcare professionals are essential to ensure that the chosen strategies continue to be effective and appropriate.
In conclusion, while type 2 diabetes can be partially or even completely reversed in some cases, it requires a comprehensive approach that includes significant lifestyle changes, medication (if needed), and ongoing medical support. Every individual's journey with diabetes will be unique, and healthcare professionals can provide personalized guidance to help manage the condition effectively.
Manipal TRUtest offers a wide range of diagnostic services with assured quality, accuracy, and trust backed by 70 years of Manipal legacy. You can easily schedule a blood test such as Diabetes profile test, HbA1c, CBC, Kidney Function Test, Lipid Profile, Liver Function Test, Vitamin Test. Thyroid Profile. through our WhatsApp Chatbot, Mobile App, or Website. We also provide the convenience of a Home Sample Collection, where a highly qualified phlebotomist will visit you in the comfort of your home.
Reference Links:
http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/32/Supplement_2/S357.full
https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng28/chapter/1-Recommendations#type-2-diabetes
https://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/32/8/1550
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(17)33102-1/fulltext
https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/can-you-reverse-type-2-diabetes-2019052016609
Diabetes
What is the Difference Between Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes?
The most commonly confused variants of any disease ever is Diabetes Type-1 and Type 2. Although, Type 2 diabetes and type 1 diabetes are entirely different with distinct causes, symptoms, and treatment approaches. Here are the key differences between the two:
1. Causes: Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition where the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. The exact cause is unknown but is thought to involve genetic and environmental factors. Type 2 diabetes, on the other hand, is primarily caused by a combination of genetic and lifestyle factors, such as obesity, sedentary behavior, poor diet, and insulin resistance.
2. Age of onset: Type 1 diabetes usually develops during childhood or adolescence, but it can occur at any age. Type 2 diabetes typically occurs in adults, particularly those who are overweight or obese, although it is increasingly being diagnosed in children and teenagers due to the rising prevalence of obesity.
3. Insulin production: In type 1 diabetes, the pancreas no longer produces insulin or produces only a minimal amount. People with type 1 diabetes require lifelong insulin therapy to survive. In type 2 diabetes, the pancreas initially produces insulin, but the body becomes resistant to its effects. Over time, the pancreas may not be able to keep up with the body's demand for insulin, and insulin therapy may be needed.
4. Treatment: Type 1 diabetes is managed through insulin injections or an insulin pump, along with blood sugar monitoring and carbohydrate counting. Type 2 diabetes can often be managed through lifestyle changes such as a healthy diet, regular exercise, weight management, and oral medications. If needed, insulin therapy may also be prescribed for type 2 diabetes.
5. Prevalence: Type 1 diabetes accounts for about 5-10% of all diabetes cases, while type 2 diabetes is much more common, comprising about 90-95% of cases.
Please note that this information is a general overview and not an exhaustive explanation of the differences between type 1 and type 2 diabetes. If you would like more detailed or specific information, it is best to consult reputable medical sources.
Manipal TRUtest offers a wide range of diagnostic services with assured quality, accuracy, and trust backed by 70 years of Manipal legacy. You can easily schedule a blood test such as Diabetes profile test, HbA1c, CBC, Kidney Function Test, Lipid Profile, Liver Function Test, Vitamin Test. Thyroid Profile. through our WhatsApp Chatbot, Mobile App, or Website. We also provide the convenience of a Home Sample Collection, where a highly qualified phlebotomist will visit you in the comfort of your home.
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Reference Link:
https://www.diabetes.org/diabetes/type-1#basics
https://www.everydayhealth.com/diabetes/difference-between-type-1-type-2-diabetes/
